Generation of effective cancer vaccines genetically engineered to secrete cytokines using adenovirus-enhanced transferrinfection (AVET)

Gene
W SchmidtM L Birnstiel

Abstract

Cancer vaccines are based on the concept that tumors express novel antigens and thus differ from their normal tissue counterparts. Such putative tumor-specific antigens should be recognizable by the immune system. However, malignant cells are of self origin and only poorly immunogenic, which limits their capability to induce an anticancer immune response. To overcome this problem, tumor cells have been isolated, genetically engineered to secrete cytokine gene products and administered as cancer vaccines. We used adenovirus-enhanced transferrinfection (AVET), which allows high-level transient transgene expression, to introduce cytokine gene expression vectors into murine melanoma cells. The efficiency of AVET makes laborious selection and cloning procedures obsolete. We administered such modified tumor cells as cancer vaccines to syngeneic animals and investigated their impact on the induction of anticancer immunity. We found that IL-2 or GM-CSF gene-transfected murine melanoma cells are highly effective vaccines. Both of these cytokine-secreting vaccines cured 80% of animals which bore a subcutaneous micrometastasis prior to treatment, and induced potent antitumor immunity. The generation of antitumor immunity by these cytokine...Continue Reading

References

May 15, 1991·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·E WagnerM L Birnstiel
Mar 1, 1995·Biologicals : Journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization·S C Phillips
May 9, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·W SchmidtM L Birnstiel

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Citations

Mar 21, 2001·Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews·M G GilliganP F Searle
Mar 1, 2008·Biologics : Targets & Therapy·Martha Arellano, Sagar Lonial
May 19, 2009·Neural Networks : the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society·Samanwoy Ghosh-Dastidar, Hojjat Adeli
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Oct 12, 2000·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Y SatoY Niitsu

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Cancer Vaccines

Cancer vaccines are vaccines that either treat existing cancer or prevent development of a cancer.