Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers in cancer : improving diagnosis, risk assessment, and disease stratification.

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy
Mukesh VermaVirginia Hartmuller

Abstract

Gene expression patterns change during the initiation, progression, and development of cancer, as a result of both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Genetic changes arise due to irreversible changes in the nucleotide sequence, whereas epigenetic changes occur due to changes in chromatin conformation, histone acetylation, and methylation of the CpG islands located primarily in the promoter region of a gene. Both genetic and epigenetic markers can potentially be utilized to identify different stages of tumor development. Several such markers exhibit high sensitivity and specificity for different tumor types and can be assayed in biofluids and other specimens collected by noninvasive technologies. In spite of the availability of large numbers of diagnostic markers, only a few have been clinically validated so far. The current status and the challenges in the field of genetic and epigenetic markers in cancer diagnosis, risk assessment, and disease stratification are discussed.

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Citations

Nov 4, 2011·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Mukesh Verma
Jul 31, 2013·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Maria M Esterhuyse, Stefan He Kaufmann
Jan 1, 2010·Cancers·Alok Mishra, Mukesh Verma
Jul 7, 2018·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Xuling SuYing Xin
Nov 30, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Jinlong WeiXin Jiang
Sep 12, 2014·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Mafalda AlmeidaCarmen Jerónimo
Jan 1, 2011·Cancers·Mukesh VermaMudit Verma
Oct 19, 2012·Journal of Translational Medicine·Michael N Liebman, Sabrina Molinaro
Sep 22, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Junjie ChenZhengyan Tang

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