Genetic and Epigenetic Discoveries in Human Retinoblastoma

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
Justina McEvoy, Michael A Dyer

Abstract

Retinoblastoma is a rare pediatric cancer of the retina. Nearly all retinoblastomas are initiated through the biallelic inactivation of the retinoblastoma tumor susceptibility gene (RB1). Whole-genome sequencing has made it possible to identify secondary genetic lesions following RB1 inactivation. One of the major discoveries from retinoblastoma sequencing studies is that some retinoblastoma tumors have stable genomes. Subsequent epigenetic studies showed that changes in the epigenome contribute to the rapid progression of retinoblastoma following RB1 gene inactivation. In addition, gene amplification and elevated expression of p53 antagonists, MDM2 and MDM4, may also play an important role in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis. The knowledge gained from these recent molecular, cellular, genomic, and epigenomic analyses are now being integrated to identify new therapeutic approaches that can help save lives and vision in children with retinoblastoma, with fewer long-term side effects.

Citations

Nov 11, 2017·Clinical and Translational Medicine·Sonya StenfeltHenrik Boije
Jan 29, 2019·Pediatric Blood & Cancer·Naomi WeintraubMichael Weintraub
Jan 20, 2019·Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry·Kamakshi DanduCh Mohan Rao
Feb 12, 2021·Cancers·Rosario AscheroGuillermo L Chantada
Apr 27, 2021·Cancer Biomarkers : Section a of Disease Markers·Xian-Yi BaoDong-Mei Han
Jul 1, 2021·The Journal of International Medical Research·Xin-Mei ZhaoYuan-Meng Zhang
Aug 11, 2021·Surgical Pathology Clinics·Jonathan C Slack, Alanna J Church
Oct 3, 2021·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Iván A GonzálezLouis P Dehner

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