Genetic and nongenetic factors contributing to differences in αS -casein phosphorylation isoforms and other major milk proteins
Abstract
Relative concentrations of αS-casein (αS-CN) phosphorylation isoforms vary considerably among milk of individual cows. We aimed to explore to what extent genetic and other factors contribute to the variation in relative concentrations of αS-CN phosphorylation isoforms and the phosphorylation degree of αS-CN defined as the proportion of isoforms with higher degrees of phosphorylation. We also investigated the associations of genetic variants of milk proteins and casein haplotypes with relative concentrations of αS-CN phosphorylation isoforms and with the phosphorylation degree of αS-CN in French Montbéliarde cattle from the cheese production area of Franche-Comté. Detailed milk protein composition was determined by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry from 531 test-day morning milk samples. Parity, lactation stage, and genetic variation of cows contributed to the phenotypic variation in relative concentrations of individual αS-CN phosphorylation isoforms and in the phosphorylation degree of αS-CN. As lactation progressed, we observed a significant increase for relative concentrations of αS-CN isoforms with higher degrees of phosphorylation (αS1-CN-9P, αS2-CN-13P, and αS2-CN-14P) as well as...Continue Reading
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Genetic analysis of detailed milk protein composition and coagulation properties in Simmental cattle
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