Genetic Content of the Neo-Sex Chromosomes in Ctenonotus and Norops (Squamata, Dactyloidae) and Degeneration of the Y Chromosome as Revealed by High-Throughput Sequencing of Individual Chromosomes

Cytogenetic and Genome Research
Artem P LisachovVladimir A Trifonov

Abstract

Pleurodont lizards are characterized by an ancient system of sex chromosomes. Along with stability of the central component of the system (homologous to the X chromosome of Anolis carolinensis [Dactyloidae], ACAX), in some genera the ancestral sex chromosomes are fused with microautosomes, forming neo-sex chromosomes. The genus Ctenonotus (Dactyloidae) is characterized by multiple X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y sex chromosomes. According to cytogenetic data, the large neo-Y chromosome is formed by fusion of the ancestral Y chromosome with 2 microautosomes (homologous to ACA10 or ACA11 and ACA12), the X1 chromosome is formed by fusion of the ancestral X chromosome with the autosome homologous to ACA10 or ACA11, and the X2 chromosome is homologous to autosome ACA12. To determine more precisely the content and evolution of the Ctenonotus sex chromosomes, we sequenced flow-sorted chromosomes (both sex chromosomes and microautosomes as control) of 2 species with a similar system: C. pogus and C. sabanus. Our results indicate that the translocated part of the X1 is homologous to ACA11, X2 is homologous to ACA12, and the Y contains segments homologous to both ACA11 and ACA12. Molecular divergence estimates suggest that the ancestral X-derived part ha...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 25, 2020·Cytogenetic and Genome Research·Artem P LisachovVladimir A Trifonov
Jun 6, 2020·Heredity·Ana B S M FerrettiDiogo C Cabral-de-Mello
Jul 27, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Lukáš KratochvílMichail Rovatsos
Jul 27, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Artem P LisachovVladimir A Trifonov

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