Genetic control of alphavirus pathogenesis

Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
Victoria K Baxter, Mark T Heise

Abstract

Alphaviruses, members of the positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus family Togaviridae, represent a re-emerging public health concern worldwide as mosquito vectors expand into new geographic ranges. Members of the alphavirus genus tend to induce clinical disease characterized by rash, arthralgia, and arthritis (chikungunya virus, Ross River virus, and Semliki Forest virus) or encephalomyelitis (eastern equine encephalitis virus, western equine encephalitis virus, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus), though some patients who recover from the initial acute illness may develop long-term sequelae, regardless of the specific infecting virus. Studies examining the natural disease course in humans and experimental infection in cell culture and animal models reveal that host genetics play a major role in influencing susceptibility to infection and severity of clinical disease. Genome-wide genetic screens, including loss of function screens, microarrays, RNA-sequencing, and candidate gene studies, have further elucidated the role host genetics play in the response to virus infection, with the immune response being found in particular to majorly influence the outcome. This review describes the current knowledge of the mechanisms...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 5, 2019·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Andreas Suhrbier
Jan 23, 2021·Clinical Science·Sandro Massao HirabaraRui Curi
Jun 3, 2021·Cells·Abenaya Muralidharan, St Patrick Reid
Aug 27, 2021·The Journal of General Virology·Israel Guerrero-ArgueroBrett E Pickett

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
biopsies
RNA-Seq

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