Genetic determination of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis: where do we stand?

Endocrine Reviews
Marco MediciRobin P Peeters

Abstract

For a long time it has been known that both hypo- and hyperthyroidism are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, it has also become clear that minor variations in thyroid function, including subclinical dysfunction and variation in thyroid function within the reference range, can have important effects on clinical endpoints, such as bone mineral density, depression, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular mortality. Serum thyroid parameters show substantial interindividual variability, whereas the intraindividual variability lies within a narrow range. This suggests that every individual has a unique hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis setpoint that is mainly determined by genetic factors, and this heritability has been estimated to be 40-60%. Various mutations in thyroid hormone pathway genes have been identified in persons with thyroid dysfunction or altered thyroid function tests. Because these causes are rare, many candidate gene and linkage studies have been performed over the years to identify more common variants (polymorphisms) associated with thyroid (dys)function, but only a limited number of consistent associations have been found. However, in the past 5 years, advances in genet...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1989·Journal of Medical Genetics·J S BamforthP S Harper
Aug 1, 1994·The Journal of Pathology·G A ThomasE D Williams
Jan 1, 1994·Advances in Neuroimmunology·G L Fricchione, G B Stefano
Jul 17, 1998·Archives of Internal Medicine·A T Dugbartey
Jan 27, 1999·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·E C FriesemaT J Visser
Oct 16, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L das NevesF Godinho
Dec 14, 1999·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·C R NogueiraG Medeiros-Neto
Jan 25, 2000·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·J KönigD Keppler
Apr 12, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D R AmbrusoD Roos
May 9, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Y LiJ Hayashi
Jan 13, 2001·Clinical Endocrinology·S KalmijnM M Breteler
Mar 13, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Stig AndersenPeter Laurberg
Jun 29, 2002·Molecular Endocrinology·Balázs GerebenP Reed Larsen
Jul 9, 2002·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica·Anne EngumAlv A Dahl
Jul 24, 2002·Nucleic Acids Research·Rongjia ZhouSchomber Tibor
Oct 5, 2002·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Stephen A HuangP Reed Larsen
Jan 1, 2003·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·B Hagenbuch, P J Meier
Feb 19, 2003·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Gerasimos P SykiotisAthanasios G Papavassiliou
Jun 6, 2003·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Robin P PeetersTheo J Visser
Jun 14, 2003·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·F ArturiD Russo
Sep 23, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Christian WolfrumMarkus Stoffel
Oct 18, 2003·Science·Marita J WalmsleyVictor L J Tybulewicz
Oct 22, 2003·Cell·Etsuko AbeMone Zaidi
Mar 6, 2004·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Pia Skov HansenLaszlo Hegedüs

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 21, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Janina A VaitkusFrancesco S Celi
Mar 15, 2016·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Satoru SuzukiShinichi Suzuki
Nov 4, 2015·Clinical Endocrinology·David StrichDavid Gillis
Aug 16, 2016·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Patricia Joseph-BravoJean-Louis Charli
Mar 23, 2017·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Maxime M BosRaymond Noordam
Mar 16, 2018·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Nicolien A van VlietDiana van Heemst
May 5, 2018·The Journal of Endocrinology·Maik PietznerNele Friedrich
Jan 20, 2018·Endocrine Reviews·Vincent PrevotJerome Clasadonte
Feb 15, 2018·The Journal of Endocrinology·Cyril S Anyetei-AnumLizabeth A Allison
Sep 26, 2017·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Ibrahim ÖnsesverenTim I M Korevaar
Aug 4, 2016·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Layal ChakerRobin P Peeters
Nov 14, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Chantal ZevenbergenW Edward Visser
May 14, 2019·Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association·Anne R CappolaPaul W Ladenson
Sep 21, 2016·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Tim I M KorevaarRobin P Peeters
Apr 10, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Aleksander KuśMarco Medici
Aug 6, 2019·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Eszter BertaMiklós Bodor
May 10, 2017·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Marco MediciRobin P Peeters
Oct 28, 2018·Nature Communications·Alexander TeumerMarco Medici
Oct 14, 2020·Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism·Ana Paula ComarellaLaura S Ward
Jun 17, 2020·Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes : Official Journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association·Nele FriedrichUwe Völker
Mar 12, 2021·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Arturo Hernandez
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Geneviève DomCarine Maenhaut

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved