Genetic divergence between populations of feral and domestic forms of a mosquito disease vector assessed by transcriptomics

PeerJ
Dana C Price, Dina M Fonseca

Abstract

Culex pipiens, an invasive mosquito and vector of West Nile virus in the US, has two morphologically indistinguishable forms that differ dramatically in behavior and physiology. Cx. pipiens form pipiens is primarily a bird-feeding temperate mosquito, while the sub-tropical Cx. pipiens form molestus thrives in sewers and feeds on mammals. Because the feral form can diapause during the cold winters but the domestic form cannot, the two Cx. pipiens forms are allopatric in northern Europe and, although viable, hybrids are rare. Cx. pipiens form molestus has spread across all inhabited continents and hybrids of the two forms are common in the US. Here we elucidate the genes and gene families with the greatest divergence rates between these phenotypically diverged mosquito populations, and discuss them in light of their potential biological and ecological effects. After generating and assembling novel transcriptome data for each population, we performed pairwise tests for nonsynonymous divergence (Ka) of homologous coding sequences and examined gene ontology terms that were statistically over-represented in those sequences with the greatest divergence rates. We identified genes involved in digestion (serine endopeptidases), innate im...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 8, 2016·Genome Biology·David C RinkerLaurence J Zwiebel
Jan 23, 2019·The Journal of Heredity·Paul V HicknerDavid W Severson
Mar 1, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Gabriella H Wolff, Jeffrey A Riffell
May 25, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Natalie R EpsteinMatthew L Aardema

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
SRA
SRR364515
SRR364516

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Illumina sequencing
RNAseq
GTPase

Software Mentioned

GeneWise
translatorX
Interproscan5
Vectorbase
InterproScan
Blast2GO
IQTREE
BLASTN
MAFFT
KaKs Calculator

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