Genetic diversity and matrilineal genetic origin of fat-rumped sheep in Ethiopia.

Tropical Animal Health and Production
Helen NigussieSanjoy Kumar Pal

Abstract

Ethiopia is home to a diverse gene pool of indigenous sheep populations. Therefore, a better understanding of genetic variation holds the key to future utilization through conservation. Three of these breeds, Afar, Blackhead Somali, and Hararghe Highland, are found in eastern Ethiopia where they contribute significantly to the livelihood of most pastoralist, agro-pastoralist, and smallholder farmers. These indigenous sheep are recognized on the basis of morphotype and their genetic distinction remains unknown. Here, to assess genetic variation, and matrilineal genetic origin and relationship of fat-rumed sheep found in eastern Ethiopia, 300 individuals from the three breeds were genotyped for 22 microsatellite markers and sequenced for the mitochondrial DNA displacement loop (mtDNA d-loop) region. The overall HO and HE were 0.57 and 0.75, respectively. Differentiation statistics revealed that a high proportion (97%) of the total genetic variation was explained by differences between individuals within populations. Genotype assignment independent of the population of origin showed K = 2 to be the optimum number of genetic backgrounds present in the dataset. This result was further confirmed by mtDNA D-loop sequences comparison i...Continue Reading

References

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
Genotyping

Software Mentioned

ClustalW
DnaSP
MEGA
FSTAT
DISTRUCT
STRUCTURE
GENEPOP
Google map
Network
ARLEQUIN

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