Genetic diversity of koala retroviral envelopes

Viruses
Wenqin XuMaribeth V Eiden

Abstract

Genetic diversity, attributable to the low fidelity of reverse transcription, recombination and mutation, is an important feature of infectious retroviruses. Under selective pressure, such as that imposed by superinfection interference, gammaretroviruses commonly adapt their envelope proteins to use alternative receptors to overcome this entry block. The first characterized koala retroviruses KoRV subgroup A (KoRV-A) were remarkable in their absence of envelope genetic variability. Once it was determined that KoRV-A was present in all koalas in US zoos, regardless of their disease status, we sought to isolate a KoRV variant whose presence correlated with neoplastic malignancies. More than a decade after the identification of KoRV-A, we isolated a second subgroup of KoRV, KoRV-B from koalas with lymphomas. The envelope proteins of KoRV-A and KoRV-B are sufficiently divergent to confer the ability to bind and employ distinct receptors for infection. We have now obtained a number of additional KoRV envelope variants. In the present studies we report these variants, and show that they differ from KoRV-A and KoRV-B envelopes in their host range and superinfection interference properties. Thus, there appears to be considerable variat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 10, 2016·Annual Review of Virology·Wenqin Xu, Maribeth V Eiden
Dec 15, 2017·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Alex D GreenwoodMaribeth V Eiden
Nov 25, 2016·Journal of Virology·K J ChappellP R Young
Jan 19, 2019·Archives of Virology·Mohammad Enamul Hoque KayeshKyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Sep 18, 2016·Archives of Virology·Uwe FiebigJoachim Denner
Oct 4, 2020·Retrovirology·HaoQiang ZhengWilliam M Switzer
Apr 27, 2021·Archives of Virology·Md Abul HashemKyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Jun 3, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Tamsyn StephensonFarhid Hemmatzadeh
Sep 9, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Briony A JoyceKeith J Chappell

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
Transfection

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