Genetic Evolution and Molecular Selection of the HE Gene of Influenza C Virus

Viruses
Wenyan ZhangShuo Su

Abstract

Influenza C virus (ICV) was first identified in humans and swine, but recently also in cattle, indicating a wider host range and potential threat to both the livestock industry and public health than was originally anticipated. The ICV hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) glycoprotein has multiple functions in the viral replication cycle and is the major determinant of antigenicity. Here, we developed a comparative approach integrating genetics, molecular selection analysis, and structural biology to identify the codon usage and adaptive evolution of ICV. We show that ICV can be classified into six lineages, consistent with previous studies. The HE gene has a low codon usage bias, which may facilitate ICV replication by reducing competition during evolution. Natural selection, dinucleotide composition, and mutation pressure shape the codon usage patterns of the ICV HE gene, with natural selection being the most important factor. Codon adaptation index (CAI) and relative codon deoptimization index (RCDI) analysis revealed that the greatest adaption of ICV was to humans, followed by cattle and swine. Additionally, similarity index (SiD) analysis revealed that swine exerted a stronger evolutionary pressure on ICV than humans, which is cons...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 17, 2020·Viruses·Bethany K Sederdahl, John V Williams
Oct 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jiumeng SunShuo Su
Jan 11, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Aitor NogalesLuis Martínez-Sobrido
Feb 1, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Wanyi HuangLihua Xiao
Sep 23, 2020·Microbial Pathogenesis·Xin WangCuiqin Huang
Oct 31, 2020·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Zhen HeHaifeng Gan

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AAA43788

Software Mentioned

HyPhy
Modelgenerator
MEGA
PyMOL
CodonW
ENC
RAxML
BioEdit
Emboss explorer

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