PMID: 16512171Mar 4, 2006Paper

Genetic influences on reading difficulties in boys and girls: the Colorado twin study

Dyslexia : the Journal of the British Dyslexia Association
Jesse L HawkeJ C DeFries

Abstract

To test the hypothesis that the genetic etiology for reading disability may differ in males and females, data from identical and fraternal twin pairs were analysed using both concordance and multiple regression methods. The sample included 264 identical (129 male, 135 female) and 214 same-sex fraternal (121 male, 93 female) twin pairs in which at least one member of each pair had reading difficulties. The difference between the identical and fraternal twin pair concordance rates was slightly larger for females than for males, suggesting a possible sex difference in etiology; however, a loglinear analysis of the three-way interaction of sex, zygosity, and concordance was not significant (p> or = 0.17). The estimate of group heritability (h2g), a standardized measure of the extent to which reading difficulties are due to genetic influences, was somewhat greater for females than males (0.65 vs 0.54), but this difference was also not significant (p > or = 0.35). Gender differences in h2g were larger for younger children (less than 11.5 years of age) than for older children. However, the three-way interaction of sex, zygosity, and age was not significant when age was treated either categorically (p > or = 0.86) or continuously (p > ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 1, 1992·Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology·J J GillisJ C DeFries
Jul 1, 1992·Behavior Genetics·S S ChernyD W Fulker
Jan 6, 2011·Behavior Genetics·Adrienne ElbertCathy L Barr
Sep 4, 2010·Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP·Shelley D SmithJohn C DeFries
Sep 4, 2010·Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP·Brooke Soden HenslerRichard K Wagner
Sep 4, 2010·Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics : JDBP·Erik G WillcuttRichard K Olson
Feb 20, 2007·Journal of Medical Genetics·Johannes SchumacherMarkus M Nöthen
Sep 23, 2014·Trends in Genetics : TIG·William P GilksEdward H Morrow
Nov 25, 2011·Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders·Shelley D Smith
Jul 21, 2009·Neurobiology of Disease·Lisa A GabelJoseph J LoTurco
Aug 25, 2015·Brain and Language·Suzanne C SwagermanDorret I Boomsma
Sep 11, 2010·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Erik G WillcuttBruce F Pennington
Mar 5, 2013·Journal of Learning Disabilities·Gyda BjornsdottirKari Stefansson
Apr 11, 2018·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Robert L HendrenFumiko Hoeft
Nov 28, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Chiara AndreolaSimona Scaini
Jun 3, 2021·Brain Sciences·Marianthi GeorgitsiEleni Bonti

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