Genetic load in marine animals: a review

Current Zoology
L V Plough

Abstract

Marine invertebrates and fish are well known for their remarkable genetic diversity, which is commonly explained by large population size and the characteristic dispersive nature of their early, planktonic life history. Other potential sources of diversity in marine animals, such as a higher mutation rate, have been much less considered, though evidence for a high genetic load in marine bivalves has been accumulating for nearly half a century. In this review, I examine evidence for a higher genetic load in marine animals from studies of molecular marker segregation and linkage over the last 40 years, and survey recent work examining mutational load with molecular evolution approaches. Overall, marine animals appear to have higher genetic load than terrestrial animals (higher dn/ds ratios, inbreeding load, and segregation dis`tortion), though results are mixed for marine fish and data are lacking for many marine animal groups. Bivalves (oysters) have the highest loads observed among marine animals, comparable only to long-lived plants; however, more data is needed from other bivalves and more marine invertebrate taxa generally. For oysters, a higher load may be related to a chronically lower effective population size that, in co...Continue Reading

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Apr 18, 2020·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Ross D HoustonDiego Robledo
Aug 4, 2018·Frontiers in Genetics·Christopher M Hollenbeck, Ian A Johnston
Mar 5, 2019·Evolutionary Applications·Simon BernatchezMartin A Mallet
Sep 11, 2019·Annual Review of Genetics·Lila Fishman, Mariah McIntosh
Nov 7, 2020·Scientific Reports·Federica CarducciAdriana Canapa
Apr 2, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Mathieu MortzPierre U Blier
May 5, 2021·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Fabrizio GhiselliLiliana Milani
Jul 27, 2021·PeerJ·Sara M FranciscoJoana I Robalo
Aug 28, 2021·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Joanna S GriffithsMorgan W Kelly

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