Genetic markers of oxidative stress and coronary atherosclerosis.

Current Atherosclerosis Reports
Nageswara R MadamanchiMarschall Runge

Abstract

Atherosclerosis, the primary cause of coronary artery disease (CAD), is a multifactorial disease, the molecular etiology of which involves interaction of many genes and environmental factors. Reactive oxygen species are integral to many cellular and biomolecular processes that are active in the transition of incipient fatty streaks into acute coronary syndromes. Animal models of atherosclerosis and correlative data from human studies support the oxidative stress hypothesis of atherosclerosis. However, the association of genetic polymorphisms that underlie enhanced oxidative stress with CAD is controversial. In this review, we discuss polymorphisms in genes that are main sources of reactive oxygen species generation (NADH oxidase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and myeloperoxidase) in mitochondria and the antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase, glutathione reductase, and heme oxygenase. The contribution of defined genetic variants involved in oxidative homeostasis to human atherosclerosis susceptibility is modest because regulation of oxidative stress is multifactorial. However, the contribution of genetic haplotypes in concert with environmental factors is likely significant. A more rigorous characterization of genetic and oxidati...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2016·Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals·Sripriya NatarajanTester F Ashavaid

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