Genetic mechanisms of Coxiella burnetii lipopolysaccharide phase variation

PLoS Pathogens
Paul A BeareRobert A Heinzen

Abstract

Coxiella burnetii is an intracellular pathogen that causes human Q fever, a disease that normally presents as a severe flu-like illness. Due to high infectivity and disease severity, the pathogen is considered a risk group 3 organism. Full-length lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is required for full virulence and disease by C. burnetii and is the only virulence factor currently defined by infection of an immunocompetent animal. Transition of virulent phase I bacteria with smooth LPS, to avirulent phase II bacteria with rough LPS, occurs during in vitro passage. Semi-rough intermediate forms are also observed. Here, the genetic basis of LPS phase conversion was investigated to obtain a more complete understanding of C. burnetii pathogenesis. Whole genome sequencing of strains producing intermediate and/or phase II LPS identified several common mutations in predicted LPS biosynthesis genes. After passage in broth culture for 30 weeks, phase I strains from different genomic groups exhibited similar phase transition kinetics and elevation of mutations in LPS biosynthesis genes. Targeted mutagenesis and genetic complementation using a new C. burnetii nutritional selection system based on lysine auxotrophy confirmed that six of the mutated g...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 21, 2019·Virulence·Carrie M LongRobert A Heinzen
Mar 25, 2020·Infection and Immunity·Miku KubaHayley J Newton
Oct 20, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Anna PsaroulakiGeorgios Tsiotis
Dec 29, 2020·Veterinary Pathology·Martha A DelaneyCharles W Frevert
Dec 8, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Julian PechsteinAnja Lührmann
Jul 28, 2020·Microorganisms·Alyssa M KrafsurCorey L Brelsfoard

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
phosphotransferase
gene knockout
PCR

Software Mentioned

Bowtie2
trimmomatic
Geneious
SPAdes Genome Assembler
SAMtools
PE
Truseq3
SilverQuest

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