Genetic micro-epidemiology of malaria in Papua Indonesia: Extensive P. vivax diversity and a distinct subpopulation of asymptomatic P. falciparum infections.

PloS One
Zuleima PavaSarah Auburn

Abstract

Genetic analyses of Plasmodium have potential to inform on transmission dynamics, but few studies have evaluated this on a local spatial scale. We used microsatellite genotyping to characterise the micro-epidemiology of P. vivax and P. falciparum diversity to inform malaria control strategies in Timika, Papua Indonesia. Genotyping was undertaken on 713 sympatric P. falciparum and P. vivax isolates from a cross-sectional household survey and clinical studies conducted in Timika. Standard population genetic measures were applied, and the data was compared to published data from Kalimantan, Bangka, Sumba and West Timor. Higher diversity (HE = 0.847 vs 0.625; p = 0.017) and polyclonality (46.2% vs 16.5%, p<0.001) were observed in P. vivax versus P. falciparum. Distinct P. falciparum substructure was observed, with two subpopulations, K1 and K2. K1 was comprised solely of asymptomatic infections and displayed greater relatedness to isolates from Sumba than to K2, possibly reflecting imported infections. The results demonstrate the greater refractoriness of P. vivax versus P. falciparum to control measures, and risk of distinct parasite subpopulations persisting in the community undetected by passive surveillance. These findings high...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 11, 2017·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Zuleima PavaSarah Auburn
Mar 12, 2020·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Jayne WebsterNeelima Mishra

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

SPSS
LIAN
Arlequin
GeneMapper
ape
ArcGIS
Distruct
ade4 package
PCoA
STRUCTURE

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