PMID: 8959378Jan 1, 1996Paper

Genetic modification of proteins in food

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
P R Day

Abstract

Plant breeders have been extremely successful in improving the quality and yield of the major crops, while maintaining the safety of the food supply. This success has been achieved with very little understanding of the biochemical mechanisms that determine the selected traits. Each time a cross is made, tens of thousands of genes are mixed and reassorted, largely at random. The skill of the breeder lies in selecting the lines to be crossed and recognizing the preferred progeny, discarding those that lack the desirable trait or exhibit undesirable properties. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, breeders have not only extended the range of biological materials from which genes can be accessed, but have also gained new insights into genome organization and gene structure as well as the nature and function of the proteins that those genes encode. Such knowledge affords exquisite specificity in altering the genetic makeup of new crop varieties. For example, resistance to insect pests can now be achieved through the addition of a single well-characterized gene, instead of introducing thousands of unwanted genes from a wild relative that code for uncharacterized and possibly toxic proteins that must be eliminated by generat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 13, 2020·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Josephine J MindeAthanasia O Matemu
Jun 4, 2002·The Journal of Nutrition·Michael C FalkAmin R Akhlaghi

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