Genetic variability in Ruditapes decussatus clam combined with Perkinsus infection level to support founder population selection for a breeding program

PeerJ
Andreia CruzJosefina Méndez

Abstract

Clam farmers worldwide face several challenges, including irregular seed supply and high mortalities due to pathogenic organisms such as Perkinsus olseni. In Europe, there is a high unmet consumer demand for native clam species such as Ruditapes decussatus. The high market value of R. decussatus makes the culture of this species potentially more attractive than that culture of the alien species Ruditapes philippinarum. Thus, there is a market opportunity in breeding and producing R. decussatus at an industrial scale. A selective breeding program to improve R. decussatus performance will be carried out in Portugal; and the first critical step to develop such a breeding program is the establishment of a founder population. In this study, intra- and interpopulation genetic diversity was assessed using 13 microsatellite markers in eight natural beds located in Portugal, Spain and Italy. Also, allele and genotypic frequencies of each microsatellite locus were assessed discriminating between clams infected and non-infected by P. olseni. All locations showed similar values for several genetic diversity parameters. Analyses of population differentiation (FST, Bayesian clustering and AMOVAs) revealed five genetically differentiated regi...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
PCR
PCRs
environmental stress

Software Mentioned

STRUCTURE HARVESTER
IBDWS
CLUMPP
GENETIX
ARLEQUIN
R
AMOVA
FSTAT
GENEPOP
FreeNa

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