Genetics of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Proteus spp

Frontiers in Microbiology
Delphine GirlichThierry Naas

Abstract

Proteus spp. are commensal Enterobacterales of the human digestive tract. At the same time, P. mirabilis is commonly involved in urinary tract infections (UTI). P. mirabilis is naturally resistant to several antibiotics including colistin and shows reduced susceptibility to imipenem. However higher levels of resistance to imipenem commonly occur in P. mirabilis isolates consecutively to the loss of porins, reduced expression of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) PBP1a, PBP2, or acquisition of several antibiotic resistance genes, including carbapenemase genes. In addition, resistance to non-β-lactams is also frequently reported including molecules used for treating UTI infections (e.g., fluoroquinolones, nitrofurans). Emergence and spread of multidrug resistant P. mirabilis isolates, including those producing ESBLs, AmpC cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, are being more and more frequently reported. This review covers Proteus spp. with a focus on the different genetic mechanisms involved in the acquisition of resistance genes to multiple antibiotic classes turning P. mirabilis into a dreadful pandrug resistant bacteria and resulting in difficult to treat infections.

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Citations

Aug 3, 2020·Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]·Gabrielli Stefaninni SantiagoHelena Neto Ferreira
Nov 18, 2020·Microorganisms·Andrey ShelenkovVasiliy Akimkin
Mar 9, 2021·3 Biotech·Yongzhong Lu, Linyue Cheng
Mar 25, 2021·Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical·Elizabeth Maria Bispo BeltrãoAna Catarina de Souza Lopes
Jan 15, 2021·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Rebecca YeePatricia J Simner
Jun 29, 2021·International Journal of Hyperthermia : the Official Journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group·Deniz GazelMehmet Erinmez

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AB759690

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ICE
ICEs
acetylation

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