Jun 9, 2020Paper

Genomic determinants of pathogenicity in SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses

BioRxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
A. B. GussowEugene V. Koonin

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 poses an immediate, major threat to public health across the globe. Here we report an in-depth molecular analysis to reconstruct the evolutionary origins of the enhanced pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses that are severe human pathogens. Using integrated comparative genomics and machine learning techniques, we identify key genomic features that differentiate SARS-CoV-2 and the viruses behind the two previous deadly coronavirus outbreaks, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, from less pathogenic coronaviruses. These features include enhancement of the nuclear localization signals in the nucleocapsid protein and distinct inserts in the spike glycoprotein that appear to be associated with high case fatality rate of these coronaviruses as well as the host switch from animals to humans. The identified features could be crucial elements of coronavirus pathogenicity and possible targets for diagnostics, prognostication and interventions.

Citations

Jun 12, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Ayal B GussowEugene V Koonin

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