Genomic signatures of geographic isolation and natural selection in coral reef fishes

Molecular Ecology
Michelle R GaitherLuiz A Rocha

Abstract

The drivers of speciation remain among the most controversial topics in evolutionary biology. Initially, Darwin emphasized natural selection as a primary mechanism of speciation, but the architects of the modern synthesis largely abandoned that view in favour of divergence by geographic isolation. The balance between selection and isolation is still at the forefront of the evolutionary debate, especially for the world's tropical oceans where biodiversity is high, but isolating barriers are few. Here, we identify the drivers of speciation in Pacific reef fishes of the genus Acanthurus by comparative genome scans of two peripheral populations that split from a large Central-West Pacific lineage at roughly the same time. Mitochondrial sequences indicate that populations in the Hawaiian Archipelago and the Marquesas Islands became isolated approximately 0.5 Ma. The Hawaiian lineage is morphologically indistinguishable from the widespread Pacific form, but the Marquesan form is recognized as a distinct species that occupies an unusual tropical ecosystem characterized by upwelling, turbidity, temperature fluctuations, algal blooms and little coral cover. An analysis of 3737 SNPs reveals a strong signal of selection at the Marquesas, ...Continue Reading

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Jan 6, 2016·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Kimberly R AndrewsPaul A Hohenlohe
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Dec 15, 2020·Journal of Fish Biology·Virginia R ShervetteFrancis Kofi Ewusie Nunoo
May 7, 2021·Heredity·Bárbara Simões Santos LealClarisse Palma-Silva

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