Genotoxicity of drinking water disinfection by-products (bromoform and chloroform) by using both Allium anaphase-telophase and comet tests

Cytotechnology
Messaouda KhallefAhlem Abda

Abstract

Genotoxic effects of bromoform and chloroform, disinfection by-products of the chlorination of drinking water, were examined by using mitotic index (MI), mitotic phase, chromosome aberrations (CAs) and comet assay on root meristematic cells of Allium cepa. Different concentrations of bromoform (25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/mL) and chloroform (25, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) were introduced to onion tuber roots. Distilled water was used as a negative control and methyl methansulfonate (MMS-10 μg/mL) as positive control. All obtained data were subjected to statistical analyses by using SPSS 15.0 for Windows software. For comparison purposes, Duncan multiple range tests by using one-way analysis of variance were employed and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant value. Exposure of both chemicals (except 25 μg/mL applications of bromoform) significantly decreased MI. Bromoform and chloroform (except 25 μg/mL applications) increased total CAs in Allium anaphase-telophase test. A significant increase in DNA damage was also observed at all concentrations of both bromoform and chloroform examined by comet assay. The damages were higher than that of positive control especially at 75-100 μg/mL for bromoform and 100-200 μg/mL for chloroform.

References

Jan 1, 1985·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·K Al-Sabti, B Kurelec
Apr 1, 1985·Mutation Research·A González-FernándezJ F López-Sáez
Jan 1, 1982·Drug and Chemical Toxicology·I W DavidsonJ C Parker
Jan 5, 2000·Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis·S Cotelle, J F Férard
Feb 9, 2002·Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis·Yahya KargaliogluMichael J Plewa
May 13, 2004·Toxicology·Hannu Komulainen
Sep 8, 2004·Water Research·Silvano MonarcaMilena Villarini
Sep 29, 2004·Mutation Research·Li Z LuoWilliam S Saunders
Dec 2, 2004·Mutation Research·Takeshi OheKeiji Wakabayashi
Jul 12, 2005·Mutation Research·Abdurrahim KocyigitOzcan Erel
Jun 13, 2008·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Rajarshi ChakrabortyAnita Mukherjee
Jul 7, 2009·Mutation Research·Daniela Morais Leme, Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
Jul 21, 2009·The Science of the Total Environment·Mamta KumariN Chandrasekaran

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 30, 2015·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Ahlem AbdaAli Taher
Jan 13, 2015·TheScientificWorldJournal·Camila Gonçalves AthanásioAlexandre Rieger
Apr 15, 2019·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Raylane Pereira GomesLilian Carla Carneiro

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.