PMID: 1186122Oct 1, 1975Paper

Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. I. Acute biochemical and ultrastructural effects.

Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
J Vera-RomanF E Cuppage

Abstract

This investigation characterizes the acute biochemical and ultrastructural alterations within the rat kidney following the single injection of 10, 40, 80, or 160 mg. of gentamicin per kilogram of rat weight. Gentamicin was given intraperitoneally and rats were killed 80 minutes later. To assess a possible inhibitory effect upon protein synthesis 3H-leucine was injected 20 minutes postantibiotic and renal cortex was assayed for whole tissue and the protein fraction amino acid uptake. To exclude the possibility of gentamicin-induced lysosomal membrane instability with subsequent release of acid hydrolases, the activity of acid phosphatase was assayed in the supernatant and the residue of cortical homogenates containing the lysosomal fraction. Ultrastructural changes were concomitantly studied. To determine the intracellular localization of gentamicin, levels of the antibiotic were measured in subcellular fractions of cortical homogenates obtained from rats 2 hours following a single subcutaneous injection of 20 mg. of gentamicin per kilogram of rat weight. No gentamicin-induced alterations either of protein synthesis or of acid phosphatase distribution were demonstrated. Ultrastructural changes were most marked at 160 mg. per kg....Continue Reading

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