Geospatial Clustering of Opioid-Related Emergency Medical Services Runs for Public Deployment of Naloxone

The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
Daniel A DworkisScott A Goldberg

Abstract

The epidemic of opioid use disorder and opioid overdose carries extensive morbidity and mortality and necessitates a multi-pronged, community-level response. Bystander administration of the opioid overdose antidote naloxone is effective, but it is not universally available and requires consistent effort on the part of citizens to proactively carry naloxone. An alternate approach would be to position naloxone kits where they are most needed in a community, in a manner analogous to automated external defibrillators. We hypothesized that opioid overdoses would show geospatial clustering within a community, leading to potential target sites for such publicly deployed naloxone (PDN). We performed a retrospective chart review of 700 emergency medical service (EMS) runs that involved opioid overdose or naloxone administration in Cambridge, Massachusetts, between October 16, 2016 and May 10, 2017. We used geospatial analysis to examine for clustering in general, and to identify specific clusters amenable to PDN sites. Opioid-related emergency medical services (EMS) runs in Cambridge, Massachusetts (MA), exhibit significant geospatial clustering, and we identified three clusters of opioid-related EMS runs in Cambridge, MA, with distinct...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Nov 13, 2019·PLoS Medicine·Zehang Richard LiGregg S Gonsalves
Mar 10, 2020·Journal of American College Health : J of ACH·Daniel A DworkisSanjay Arora
Aug 17, 2020·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·Anjni JoinerUNKNOWN Public Health Committee on behalf of the NAEMSP Board of Directors
Mar 9, 2021·Circulation·Cameron DezfulianUNKNOWN American Heart Association Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation; Council on Arterioscl
Jun 24, 2020·Peptides·Richard J Bodnar
May 29, 2021·The Lancet. Digital Health·Chrianna BharatLouisa Degenhardt

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Software Mentioned

Google Maps
QGIS
R
DBSCAN
Census Geocoder
OpenStreetMaps
ProEMS
raster
spatstat

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