Geostatistical modelling of the association between malaria and child growth in Africa

International Journal of Health Geographics
Benjamin AmoahPeter John Diggle

Abstract

Undernutrition among children under 5 years of age continues to be a public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries and can lead to growth stunting. Infectious diseases may also affect child growth, however their actual impact on the latter can be difficult to quantify. In this paper, we analyse data from 20 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 13 African countries to investigate the relationship between malaria and stunting. Our objective is to make inference on the association between malaria incidence during the first year of life and height-for-age Z-scores (HAZs). We develop a geostatistical model for HAZs as a function of both measured and unmeasured child-specific and spatial risk factors. We visualize stunting risk in each of the 20 analysed surveys by mapping the predictive probability that HAZ is below - 2. Finally, we carry out a meta-analysis by modelling the estimated effects of malaria incidence on HAZ from each DHS as a linear regression on national development indicators from the World Bank. A non-spatial univariate linear regression of HAZ on malaria incidence showed a negative association in 18 out of 20 surveys. However, after adjusting for spatial risk factors and controlling f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 20, 2019·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Nayantara SarmaJean-Louis Arcand
Jan 15, 2019·Tropical Medicine and Health·Adilson José DePinaEl Hadji Amadou Niang
May 2, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Samuel MandaRobert Bergquist
Aug 18, 2020·Population and Environment·Elizabeth Heger BoyleJordan Boudreiux

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