Germinal center B cells constitute a predominant physiological source of IL-4: implication for Th2 development in vivo

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Bengt Johansson-Lindbom, Carl A K Borrebaeck

Abstract

Protective immunity depends upon the capability of the immune system to properly adapt the response to the nature of an infectious agent. CD4(+) Th cells are implicated in this orchestration by secreting a polarized pattern of cytokines. Although Th2 development in animal models and in human cells in vitro to a large extent depends on IL-4, the nature of the cells that provide the initial IL-4 in vivo is still elusive. In this report, we describe the anatomical localization as well as the identity of IL-4-producing cells in human tonsil, a representative secondary lymphoid organ. We demonstrate that IL-4 production is a normal and intrinsic feature of germinal center (GC) B cells. We also show that expression of IL-4 is highly confined to the GCs, in which the B cells constitute the prevalent cellular source. Furthermore, immunofluorescence analysis of colon mucosa reveals a strikingly similar pattern of IL-4-expressing cells compared with tonsils, demonstrating that IL-4 production from GC B cells is not a unique feature of the upper respiratory tract. Our results show that GCs provide the most appropriate microenvironment for IL-4-dependent Th2 polarization in vivo and imply a critical role for GC B cells in this differentiat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2007·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Qian LiuWilliam C Gause
Jun 27, 2008·Blood·Danielle T AveryStuart G Tangye
Feb 24, 2009·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Stefania AmorosiClaudio Pignata
Jul 1, 2009·Arthritis and Rheumatism·Pierre YouinouYves Renaudineau
Jan 22, 2010·Current Opinion in Rheumatology·Bethany MarstonJennifer H Anolik
Aug 7, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Bengt Johansson-LindbomCarl A K Borrebaeck
Oct 8, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Victoria DavenportRobert S Heyderman
Jan 12, 2007·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Vincenzo VillanacciBruno Salerni
Aug 30, 2008·International Journal of Cancer. Journal International Du Cancer·Carla M L van HerpenPieter H M De Mulder
Apr 2, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Qian LiuWilliam C Gause
Nov 24, 2011·Clinical & Developmental Immunology·Yuya Takakubo, Yrjö T Konttinen
Aug 7, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Alp E Oran, Harriet L Robinson
Jan 5, 2008·Annual Review of Immunology·Cecile KingCharles R Mackay
Nov 23, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·David P HarrisFrances E Lund
Feb 27, 2007·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Jie ZhuPeter K Jeffery
May 12, 2010·Archivum Immunologiae Et Therapiae Experimentalis·Konstantinos SamitasApostolos Bossios
Jun 1, 2012·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·James S YoungDefu Zeng
Aug 4, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·A Razzaque Ahmed, Srinivas Kaveri
Feb 23, 2011·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Jini KimJongseon Choe

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