GhoT of the GhoT/GhoS toxin/antitoxin system damages lipid membranes by forming transient pores

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Jun-Seob KimThomas K Wood

Abstract

GhoT is a bacterial toxin of the type V toxin/antitoxin system that allows Escherichia coli to reduce its metabolism in response to oxidative and bile stress. GhoT functions by increasing membrane permeability and reducing both ATP levels and the proton motive force. However, how GhoT damages the inner membrane has not been elucidated. Here we investigated how GhoT damages membranes by studying its interaction with lipid bilayers and determined that GhoT does not cause macroscopic disruption of the lipid bilayer to increase membrane permeability to the dye carboxyfluorescein. Using circular dichroism, we found that GhoT forms an alpha helical structure in lipid bilayers that agrees with the structure predicted by the I-TASSER protein structure prediction program. The structure generated using I-TASSER was used to conduct coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, which indicate that GhoT damages the cell membrane, as a multimer, by forming transient transmembrane pores.

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Citations

Nov 18, 2018·Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology·Prajita PaulMrutyunjay Suar
May 6, 2019·Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]·Luiz Carlos Bertucci BarbosaReinaldo Marchetto
Feb 20, 2021·International Journal of Nanomedicine·Beatriz Cristina Pecoraro SanchesReinaldo Marchetto
Sep 3, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects·Dursun Nizam KorkutFabien Darfeuille

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