Giant amplification of small perturbations in frictional amorphous solids

Physical Review. E
Harish CharanYarden Sheffer

Abstract

Catastrophic events in nature can be often triggered by small perturbations, with "remote triggering" of earthquakes being an important example. Here we present a mechanism for the giant amplification of small perturbations that is expected to be generic in systems whose dynamics is not derivable from a Hamiltonian. We offer a general discussion of the typical instabilities involved (being oscillatory with an exponential increase of noise) and examine in detail the normal forms that determine the relevant dynamics. The high sensitivity to external perturbations is explained for systems with and without dissipation. Numerical examples are provided using the dynamics of frictional granular matter. Finally, we point out the relationship of the presently discussed phenomenon to the highly topical issue of "exceptional points" in quantum models with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.

References

Jun 28, 2011·Physical Review Letters·Zin LinDemetrios N Christodoulides
Aug 9, 2017·Optics Express·Adi PickSteven G Johnson
Aug 4, 2018·Scientific Reports·Robert T O'MalleyMichael J Behrenfeld
Sep 17, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Joyjit ChattorajItamar Procaccia
Nov 28, 2019·Physical Review. E·Joyjit ChattorajItamar Procaccia
Feb 8, 2020·Physical Review Letters·Harish CharanItamar Procaccia
Jun 25, 2020·Physical Review. E·Silvia BonfantiStefano Zapperi

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