Giant Single-Crystal Shape Transformation with Wide Thermal Hysteresis Actuated by Synergistic Motions of Molecular Cations and Anions

Chemistry : a European Journal
Xiao-Lei WangJun Tao

Abstract

Manipulating the collective molecular movements to implement macroscopic mechanical response of bulk material is attractive and challenging. Here, we synthesize an organic-inorganic hybrid single crystal that exhibits a giant macroscopic shape transformation with a remarkable thermal hysteretic feature. The colossal anisotropic shape change, which manifests as an abrupt elongation of ca. 9% along crystallographic c-axis and a concomitant contraction of ca. 9% in a perpendicular direction, is induced by a significant reorientation of imidazoliums accompanied with a substantial configurational variation in CuBr 4 2- complex anions. The synergistic motions of both the molecular cations and anions engender a remarkable large thermal hysteresis (> 30 K) in the shape transformation of single crystal, implying this material may play a role in alternating memory media. Furthermore, due to the stable crystal lattice, a single crystal that demonstrates naked-eye detectable large shape transformation was used as a thermal actuator to spontaneously control an electric circuit by temperature variation.

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Citations

May 15, 2021·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Mingfang YangZhenjie Zhang

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