GITRL as a genetic adjuvant enhances enterovirus 71 VP1 DNA vaccine immunogenicity

Immunologic Research
Jing YuanShengjun Wang

Abstract

VP1 protein is the immunodominant capsid protein of enterovirus 71 (EV71) which is responsible for large outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease. It has been reported that glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR) and its ligand (GITRL) are involved in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, a DNA vaccine vector encoding EV71 VP1 gene and mGITRL gene (pIRES/VP1/mGITRL) was constructed. And female Balb/c mice were immunized intramuscularly with the DNA vaccine. Compared with the groups immunized with pIRES, pIRES/VP1, pIRES/mGITRL and PBS, the inoculation of pIRES/VP1/mGITRL induced a higher levels of EV71 VP1-specific antibody and specific antibody-forming cells. However, significantly higher levels of CD4(+)Th1, Th2 and CD8(+)IFN-γ(+)T cells were found in the pIRES/VP1/mGITRL group compared with control groups. Our results demonstrate that a novel DNA vaccine, expressing VP1 and mGITRL, could effectively elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against EV71 VP1 in mice. Thus, the mGITRL may be used as molecular adjuvant for EV71 DNA vaccine.

References

Mar 1, 1974·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·N J SchmidtH H Ho
Jun 1, 1981·Japanese Journal of Medical Science & Biology·I TagayaA Hagiwara
Sep 25, 1999·The New England Journal of Medicine·M HoS R Shih
Oct 6, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·L G ChanL J Anderson
Mar 3, 2004·European Journal of Immunology·Simona RonchettiCarlo Riccardi
Apr 7, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Adam P KohmStephen D Miller
Jul 14, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Stephanie J MuriglanMarcel R M Van Den Brink
Oct 8, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Geoffrey L StephensEthan M Shevach
Feb 6, 2007·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Mong How OoiTom Solomon
Apr 21, 2007·Genetic Vaccines and Therapy·Wong Siew TungRozita Rosli
May 10, 2007·Reviews in Medical Virology·Jon M BibleC Y William Tong
Oct 16, 2007·Journal of Medical Virology·Fan-Chen TsengUNKNOWN CDC-Taiwan Virology Reference Laboratories and Sentinel Physician Network
Mar 10, 2009·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·Yong ZhangWen-Bo Xu
May 15, 2009·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Fan YangJin Qi
Sep 18, 2009·Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology·Giuseppe Nocentini, Carlo Riccardi
Oct 22, 2010·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Tom SolomonMong How Ooi
Apr 15, 2014·Current Opinion in Virology·Peng-Nien Huang, Shin-Ru Shih
Jul 6, 2014·Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy·Yu-An KungShin-Ru Shih
Jul 22, 2014·Journal of Medical Virology·Shi-Li ZhouFan Yang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations


❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.