Glia-neuron interactions in neurological diseases: Testing non-cell autonomy in a dish

Brain Research
Kathrin Meyer, Brian K Kaspar

Abstract

For the past century, research on neurological disorders has largely focused on the most prominently affected cell types - the neurons. However, with increasing knowledge of the diverse physiological functions of glial cells, their impact on these diseases has become more evident. Thus, many conditions appear to have more complex origins than initially thought. Since neurological pathologies are often sporadic with unknown etiology, animal models are difficult to create and might only reflect a small portion of patients in which a mutation in a gene has been identified. Therefore, reliable in vitro systems to studying these disorders are urgently needed. They might be a pre-requisite for improving our understanding of the disease mechanisms as well as for the development of potential new therapies. In this review, we will briefly summarize the function of different glial cell types in the healthy central nervous system (CNS) and outline their implication in the development or progression of neurological conditions. We will then describe different types of culture systems to model non-cell autonomous interactions in vitro and evaluate advantages and disadvantages. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Exploiting h...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2017·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·Caitlin B Pointer, Andis Klegeris
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Ruqayya AfridiKyoungho Suk
Nov 6, 2018·Neurochemical Research·Helen A RowlandKatherine A B Kellett
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Jan 10, 2018·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·David M GonzalezKristen J Brennand
Nov 16, 2020·Neurobiology of Disease·Nune DarbinianLaura Goetzl
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ana Rita VazDora Brites
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Bhakta Prasad Gaire, Ji-Woong Choi

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