Glial Cells in the Genesis and Regulation of Circadian Rhythms

Frontiers in Physiology
Donají Chi-Castañeda, Arturo Ortega

Abstract

Circadian rhythms are biological oscillations with a period of ~24 h. These rhythms are orchestrated by a circadian timekeeper in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, the circadian "master clock," which exactly adjusts clock outputs to solar time via photic synchronization. At the molecular level, circadian rhythms are generated by the interaction of positive and negative feedback loops of transcriptional and translational processes of the so-called "clock genes." A large number of clock genes encode numerous proteins that regulate their own transcription and that of other genes, collectively known as "clock-controlled genes." In addition to the sleep/wake cycle, many cellular processes are regulated by circadian rhythms, including synaptic plasticity in which an exquisite interplay between neurons and glial cells takes place. In particular, there is compelling evidence suggesting that glial cells participate in and regulate synaptic plasticity in a circadian fashion, possibly representing the missing cellular and physiological link between circadian rhythms with learning and cognition processes. Here we review recent studies in support of this hypothesis, focusing on the interplay between glial cells, synaptic plas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 13, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jingjing ZhangXuan Huang
Sep 25, 2019·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·Ricardo J Martínez-TapiaLuz Navarro
Mar 21, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Kholoud Arafa, Marwan Emara
Dec 5, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Xin-Rui QiLing Shan

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