Glial pathology and retinal neurotoxicity in the anterior visual pathway in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Acta Neuropathologica Communications
Jing JinPeter A Calabresi

Abstract

The animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been used extensively in the past to test mechanisms that target peripheral immune cells for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). While there have been some notable successes in relapsing MS, the development of therapies for progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) has been hampered by lack of an appropriate animal model. Further, the mechanisms underlying CNS inflammation and neuronal injury remain incompletely elucidated. It is known that the MOG 35-55 EAE mouse model does not have insidious behavioral progression as occurs in people with MS, but there is significant neuronal and axonal injury in EAE, as a result of the inflammation. In the present study, we describe the time course of glial activation and retinal neurodegeneration in the EAE model, and highlight the utility of studying the anterior visual pathway for modeling mechanisms of neuronal injury that may recapitulate critical aspects of the pathology described in people with MS following optic neuritis and subclinical optic neuropathy. We show that A1 neurotoxic astrocytes are prevalent in optic nerve tissue and retina, and are associated with subsequent RGC loss in the most commonly used form of the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Rina AharoniRuth Arnon
Jul 3, 2021·Cells·Soyoung ChoiMaria Francesca Cordeiro
Jul 15, 2021·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Marjan GharagozlooPeter A Calabresi
Sep 7, 2021·Acta Neuropathologica·Marjan GharagozlooPeter A Calabresi
Sep 29, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Aubrey HargraveHeather E Moss

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Axiovision
MATLAB
EAE
GraphPad Prism
Zen Blue
Primer3Plus

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