Global Evolution of Pathogenic Bacteria With Extensive Use of Fluoroquinolone Agents

Frontiers in Microbiology
Miklos FuziAkos Toth

Abstract

It is well-established that the spread of many multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is predominantly clonal. Interestingly the international clones/sequence types (STs) of most pathogens emerged and disseminated during the last three decades. Strong experimental evidence from multiple laboratories indicate that diverse fitness cost associated with high-level resistance to fluoroquinolones contributed to the selection and promotion of the international clones/STs of hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA), extended-spectrum β-lactamase-(ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Clostridioides difficile. The overwhelming part of the literature investigating the epidemiology of the pathogens as a function of fluoroquinolone use remain in concordence with these findings. Moreover, recent in vitro data clearly show the potential of fluoroquinolone exposure to shape the clonal evolution of Salmonella Enteritidis. The success of the international clones/STs in all these species was linked to the strains' unique ability to evolve multiple energetically beneficial gyrase and topoisomerase IV mutations conferring high-level resistance to fluorquinolones and concomittantly p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 5, 2020·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Gisele PeiranoJohann D D Pitout
Nov 25, 2020·Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology : the Official Journal of the Society of Hospital Epidemiologists of America·Leore Cohen MendelDror Marchaim
Mar 20, 2021·Microbial Drug Resistance : MDR : Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Disease·Mirjana Stanić BenićVera Vlahović-Palčevski

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