GLP-1 based therapies: clinical implications for gastroenterologists

Gut
Mark M SmitsDjuna L Cahen

Abstract

The gut-derived incretin hormone, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) lowers postprandial blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin and inhibiting glucagon secretion. Two novel antihyperglycaemic drug classes augment these effects; GLP-1 receptor agonists and inhibitors of the GLP-1 degrading enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4. These so called GLP-1 based or incretin based drugs are increasingly used to treat type 2 diabetes, because of a low risk of hypoglycaemia and favourable effect on body weight, blood pressure and lipid profiles. Besides glucose control, GLP-1 functions as an enterogastrone, causing a wide range of GI responses. Studies have shown that endogenous GLP-1 and its derived therapies slow down digestion by affecting the stomach, intestines, exocrine pancreas, gallbladder and liver. Understanding the GI actions of GLP-1 based therapies is clinically relevant; because GI side effects are common and need to be recognised, and because these drugs may be used to treat GI disease.

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Citations

Dec 20, 2016·Journal of Internal Medicine·L Fändriks
Jan 6, 2017·Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology·Sayali A PendharkarMaxim S Petrov
Sep 5, 2017·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Marcel H A MuskietDaniël H van Raalte
Nov 13, 2019·Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension·Michaël J B van Baar, Daniël H van Raalte
Jun 19, 2019·Diabetes & Metabolism Journal·Jessica M Ferrell, John Y L Chiang
Apr 25, 2019·Annual Review of Nutrition·John Y L Chiang, Jessica M Ferrell
Aug 7, 2019·Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism·Michaël J B van BaarDaniël H van Raalte

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Related Concepts

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Cardiovascular Biology of GLP-1

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) plays a role in glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammation suppression. GLP-1 receptor signaling has been shown to impact cardiovascular function. This feed focuses on the role of GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists on cardiovascular biology.

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