GLP-1 RAs as compared to prandial insulin after failure of basal insulin in type 2 diabetes: lessons from the 4B and Get-Goal DUO 2 trials

Diabetes & Metabolism
F PorcellatiC G Fanelli

Abstract

The add-on of a prandial (short-acting) GLP-1 RA to basal insulin in subjects with T2DM who fail to control A1C on basal insulin, stems from the physiological principles of post-prandial glucose homeostasis, and it is based on evidence from clinical trials. The 4B and GetGoal DUO 2 studies are the first to establish in head-to-head comparison, the efficacy and safety of short-acting GLP-1 RAs vs prandial insulin, when added-on to basal insulin glargine. In the 4B study (exenatide 2/d vs lispro 3/d) exenatide demonstrated similar efficacy vs lispro in reducing A1C to ~7.2%. However, exenatide reduced also body weight and hypoglycemia incidence as compared to lispro. In GetGoal DUO 2, the head-to-head comparison was between lixisenatide 1/d vs glulisine either 1/d (at the main meal, basal-plus) or 3/d (basal-bolus). Like in 4B, in GetGoal DUO 2 the A1C decreased to similar values with lixisenatide or glulisine 1/d (~7.2%), or glulisine 3/d (~7.0%). Again, as in the 4B, body weight and hypoglycemia incidence were lower with lixisenatide. In both studies a similar percentage of subjects reached the A1C <7.0% on GLP-1 RA or prandial insulin. A higher percentage of subjects reported adverse events on GLP-1 RAs, primarily gastrointest...Continue Reading

References

Sep 5, 2012·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Juris J Meier
Sep 20, 2015·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Hannele Yki-Järvinen, Panu K Luukkonen

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Citations

Feb 13, 2018·Current Medical Research and Opinion·Mark PeyrotGérard Reach
Apr 15, 2018·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Riccardo CandidoEster Romoli
Jan 6, 2019·Advances in Therapy·Leigh PerreaultEric Johnson
Feb 6, 2020·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry·Jayanta Dowarah, Ved Prakash Singh

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