Glucagon like peptide-1-directed human embryonic stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells via hedgehog, cAMP, and PI3K pathways.
Abstract
That glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) induces differentiation of primate embryonic stem (ES) cells into insulin-producing cells has been reported by several groups and also confirmed with our observations. To further elucidate the process in detail and the signaling pathways involved in this differentiation, we induced human ES cells HUES1 differentiated into insulin secretion cells by GLP-1 treatment. A time-dependent pattern of down expression of the stem cell markers (human telomerase reverse transcriptase and octamer-4), and the appearance of multiple beta-cell-specific proteins (insulin, glucokinase, glucose transporter, type 2, and islet duodenal homeobox 1) and hedgehog signal molecules (Indian hedgehog, sonic hedgehog, and hedgehog receptor, patched) have been identified. Cotreatment with hedgehog signal inhibitor cytopamine was able to block this differentiation, providing evidence of the involvement of the hedgehog signaling pathway in GLP-1-induced differentiation. We also observed increased transcripts of the transcription factors of activator protein 1, serum response element-1, DNA-binding transcription factors, and cAMP response element in GLP-1-induced ES cell differentiation. Inhibition profile by its specific in...Continue Reading
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Glucagon-like peptide-1 differentiation of primate embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells
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