Glucokinase, hexokinase, glucose transporter 2, and glucose metabolism in islets during pregnancy and prolactin-treated islets in vitro: mechanisms for long term up-regulation of islets

Endocrinology
A J WeinhausR L Sorenson

Abstract

During pregnancy, islets undergo a number of up-regulatory changes to meet the increased need for insulin. One of the most important changes is an increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion with a reduction in the glucose-stimulated threshold. Similarly, placental lactogen and PRL induce the same changes in islets as pregnancy. In this study, we examined the effects of pregnancy and PRL treatment of islets in vitro on insulin secretion; glucokinase and hexokinase activities; glucokinase, hexokinase, and glucose transporter 2 protein levels; and rates of glucose utilization and oxidation. Glucokinase activity was 4.9 +/- 0.4 pmol glucose/ng DNA.h in control islets and was significantly increased by 50% in islets on day 15 of pregnancy and by 60% on day 20 of pregnancy. Hexokinase activity was 11.7 +/- 0.9 pmol glucose/ng DNA.h in control islets and was increased by 20% in islets on day 15 of pregnancy and by 90% on day 20 of pregnancy. In the in vitro studies, glucokinase activity was 7.4 +/- 0.89 pmol glucose/ng DNA.h in control islets. PRL treatment of islets in vitro increased glucokinase activity by 60%, an effect similar to that observed in the pregnancy islets. In contrast, hexokinase activity was nearly undetectable...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 7, 2007·Endocrine Reviews·Nira Ben-JonathanElizabeth W LaPensee
Nov 13, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Mica Ohara-ImaizumiShinya Nagamatsu
Aug 19, 2009·The Journal of Physiology·Angel NadalIvan Quesada
Apr 29, 2009·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development·Armin RashidiDaryl P Shanley
Jul 3, 2008·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP·Nhu NguyenYong Zhu
Nov 11, 2006·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·L LabriolaM C Sogayar
Jun 12, 2013·Journal of Internal Medicine·B Thorens
Oct 29, 2011·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Denise de Fátima I SouzaMárcia Queiroz Latorraca
Jun 16, 2004·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Silvana BordinAntonio C Boschero
Nov 4, 2006·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Leticia LabriolaMari C Sogayar
Apr 7, 2006·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Gabriel F AnhêSilvana Bordin
Mar 7, 2006·Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM·Nira Ben-JonathanChristopher R LaPensee
Oct 15, 2013·Biochimie·Nadège Carré, Nadine Binart
Mar 1, 1997·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·S C Crepaldi-AlvesA C Boschero
Feb 19, 2002·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·T Clark BreljeRobert L Sorenson
Apr 20, 2006·Nature Cell Biology·Hassan MziautMichele Solimena
Jul 25, 2003·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·G Di CianniS Del Prato
Feb 16, 2019·Endocrine Connections·Caio Jordão TeixeiraSilvana Bordin
Oct 30, 2015·Endocrinology·Colin M HyslopCarol Huang
Apr 6, 2012·The British Journal of Nutrition·Letícia Martins Ignácio-SouzaMárcia Queiroz Latorraca
Nov 13, 2009·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·E C VanzelaA C Boschero
Jan 30, 2018·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Ronadip R Banerjee
Jun 12, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Rebecca J GriffithCaroline A Crowther
Mar 25, 2009·Endocrinology·Robert L Sorenson, Todd C Brelje
Dec 22, 1999·The American Journal of Physiology·R AalinkeelM S Patel
Oct 16, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Jianhua ShaoJacob E Friedman
Sep 19, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Guneet MakkarCarol Huang
Jul 28, 2005·The Journal of Nutrition·Marciane MilanskiMárcia Queiroz Latorraca
Sep 17, 2008·Biochemical Society Transactions·Mary C Sugden, Mark J Holness
Sep 4, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Tina NapsoAmanda N Sferruzzi-Perri
Mar 21, 2017·European Journal of Nutrition·Kariny Cassia de SiqueiraMárcia Queiroz Latorraca

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.