Glucose autoregulation is the dominant component of the hormone-independent counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia in the conscious dog

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
Justin M GregoryA D Cherrington

Abstract

The contribution of hormone-independent counterregulatory signals in defense of insulin-induced hypoglycemia was determined in adrenalectomized, overnight-fasted conscious dogs receiving hepatic portal vein insulin infusions at a rate 20-fold basal. Either euglycemia was maintained (group 1) or hypoglycemia (≈45 mg/dl) was allowed to occur. There were three hypoglycemic groups: one in which hepatic autoregulation against hypoglycemia occurred in the absence of sympathetic nervous system input (group 2), one in which autoregulation occurred in the presence of norepinephrine (NE) signaling to fat and muscle (group 3), and one in which autoregulation occurred in the presence of NE signaling to fat, muscle, and liver (group 4). Average net hepatic glucose balance (NHGB) during the last hour for groups 1-4 was -0.7 ± 0.1, 0.3 ± 0.1 (P < 0.01 vs. group 1), 0.7 ± 0.1 (P = 0.01 vs. group 2), and 0.8 ± 0.1 (P = 0.7 vs. group 3) mg·kg-1·min-1, respectively. Hypoglycemia per se (group 2) increased NHGB by causing an inhibition of net hepatic glycogen synthesis. NE signaling to fat and muscle (group 3) increased NHGB further by mobilizing gluconeogenic precursors resulting in a rise in gluconeogenesis. Lowering glucose per se decreased non...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 9, 2020·Antioxidants·Andriy CherkasNeven Zarkovic
Aug 14, 2018·The Journal of Small Animal Practice·R K MorganL Murphy
Dec 1, 2017·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Michael R RickelsMark H Schutta

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