Glucose control in the older patient: from intensive, to effective and safe

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
Ligia J DominguezMario Barbagallo

Abstract

Older adults represent an extensive proportion of Type 2 diabetic patients. Managing diabetes in this population is challenging, because complex comorbidity and disability often mean that guidelines are not suitable on an individual basis. Recent evidence has raised animated discussion of the possibility that intensive glucose control may cause more harm than benefit, especially in older adults. The benefit of glycemic control on microvascular diabetic complications has been consistently demonstrated, but the evidence of benefit on macrovascular disease is not uniform in all studies. Glycemic control appears to prevent the development of cardiovascular events, but is less helpful in secondary prevention, when cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases are established. In addition, treating hyperglycemia in critically ill patients (most of them over 60 years old) with a target close to normal glucose values has been shown to increase morbidity and mortality. It is possible that the attempt to reach euglycemia is not the best goal, in either older non-diabetic critically ill patients or older diabetic adults. The risks associated with hypoglycemia, which induces a counter-regulatory response with prolonged QT interval and cardiac arrh...Continue Reading

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