Glucose-induced intracellular ion changes in sugar-sensitive hypothalamic neurons

Journal of Neurophysiology
I A Silver, M Erecińska

Abstract

In the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) of rat brain, approximately 30% of cells showed sensitivity to small changes in local concentrations of glucose. These "glucose-sensitive" neurons demonstrated four types of behavior, three of which probably represent segments of a continuous spectrum of recruitment in response to ever more severe changes in blood sugar. Type I cells showed maximum activity </=5.6 mM blood glucose but became completely silent at hyperglycemia of 10-12 mM (normoglycemia 7.6 +/- 0.3 mM; mean +/- SD). Type II and III neurons exhibited a wider range of response. Type IV cells (5-7% of glucose-sensitive neurons) paralleled the behavior of sugar-sensitive cells in ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH). In VMH, approximately 40% of cells responded to changes in blood glucose over a range of concentrations from 3.6 to 17 mM, by increasing their firing rate as sugar level rose and vice versa. Ionic shifts during increases in blood (brain) glucose levels were similar in LHA types I-III but fastest in I and slowest in III. [Na+]i fell by 5-9 mM, [K+]i rose by 6-8 mM, and plasma membrane hyperpolarized by 5 mV. [Ca2+]i declined by 15-20 nM in line with membrane hyperpolarization. In VMH and type IV LHA cells, [K+]i ...Continue Reading

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