Abstract
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a measure of average blood glucose level, is associated with the risk of dementia and cognitive impairment. However, the role of glycemic variability or glucose excursions in this association is unclear. We examined the association of glucose peaks in midlife, as determined by the measurement of 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) level, with the risk of dementia and 20-year cognitive decline. Nearly 13,000 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study were examined. Dementia was ascertained from surveillance, neuropsychological testing, telephone calls with participants or their proxies, or death certificate dementia codes. Cognitive function was assessed using three neuropsychological tests at three visits over 20 years and was summarized as z scores. We used Cox and linear mixed-effects models. 1,5-AG level was dichotomized at 10 μg/mL and examined within clinical categories of HbA1c. Over a median time of 21 years, dementia developed in 1,105 participants. Among persons with diabetes, each 5 μg/mL decrease in 1,5-AG increased the estimated risk of dementia by 16% (hazard ratio 1.16, P = 0.032). For cognitive decline among participants with diabetes and HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol), those...Continue Reading
References
Jun 1, 1989·Diabetes·T YamanouchiI Akaoka
Feb 1, 1989·Archives of Neurology·D S Knopman, S Ryberg
Nov 1, 1993·Neurology·J C Morris
Apr 1, 1993·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica·M GrutB Winblad
Jun 28, 2003·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·John B BuseJanet B McGill
Mar 15, 2006·Diabetologia·E BonoraJ B Meigs
Apr 13, 2006·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Louis MonnierClaude Colette
May 30, 2006·Diabetes Care·Kathleen M DunganSteven Wittlin
Jul 26, 2006·Neurology·A M AbbatecolaG Paolisso
Feb 27, 2008·Diabetes·Antonio CerielloDario Giugliano
Feb 4, 2009·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice·Jong Chul WonSung Woo Park
Apr 24, 2009·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Lascelles E Lyn-CookSuzanne M de la Monte
Jun 25, 2010·Diabetes Care·Maria Rosaria RizzoGiuseppe Paolisso
Aug 28, 2010·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·Yael D ReijmerGeert Jan Biessels
Oct 7, 2010·Journal of Diabetes·Elizabeth SelvinMichael W Steffes
Dec 28, 2010·Inflammation & Allergy Drug Targets·José Juan Lozano-NuevoAlberto F Rubio-Guerra
Jan 18, 2011·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Elizabeth SelvinMichael W Steffes
Mar 2, 2011·Annals of Internal Medicine·Elizabeth SelvinFrederick L Brancati
May 9, 2012·Neurochemical Research·Vincenzo C RussoFergus J Cameron
Jun 12, 2012·Lancet·Rory J McCrimmonBrian M Frier
Sep 28, 2012·American Journal of Epidemiology·Andrea L C SchneiderElizabeth Selvin
Aug 9, 2013·The New England Journal of Medicine·Paul K CraneEric B Larson
Jan 8, 2014·Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology·John P RyanCaterina Rosano
Jan 30, 2014·PloS One·Xingran CuiVera Novak
Mar 14, 2014·The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology·Richard H TuligengaArchana Singh-Manoux
Aug 5, 2014·JAMA Neurology·Rebecca F GottesmanThomas H Mosley
Aug 29, 2014·The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology·Stefan L C GeijselaersGeert Jan Biessels
Sep 10, 2014·Clinical Chemistry·Elizabeth SelvinJosef Coresh
Dec 2, 2014·Annals of Internal Medicine·Andreea M RawlingsElizabeth Selvin
Jul 25, 2015·Diabetes Care·Irl B Hirsch
Jul 25, 2015·Diabetes Care·Richard M Bergenstal
Sep 24, 2015·Diabetes·Elizabeth SelvinJosef Coresh
Oct 28, 2015·Clinical Chemistry·Christina M ParrinelloElizabeth Selvin
Dec 24, 2015·Diabetes Care
Feb 10, 2016·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Jonathan M HazlehurstJeremy W Tomlinson
Mar 8, 2016·Alzheimer's & Dementia : Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring·David S KnopmanThomas H Mosley
Sep 14, 2016·European Journal of Epidemiology·Andreea Monica RawlingsKaren Jean Bandeen-Roche
Citations
Mar 4, 2018·Diabetes·Zhou ZhangDalong Zhu
Oct 12, 2018·Diabetes Care·Michael P BancksNorrina B Allen
Nov 30, 2018·Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice·Heather Cuevas, Catherine Ward
May 3, 2019·Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism·Elizabeth SelvinMark Woodward
Aug 20, 2019·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Thitiporn SupasitthumrongMichael Maes
Oct 15, 2019·Journal of the Endocrine Society·John Jack L LeahyWilliam H Polonsky
Sep 6, 2019·Diabetologia·Zhe-Bin YuKun Chen
Jun 4, 2018·Diabetologia·Drew M AltschulIan J Deary
Feb 18, 2020·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Wenqing XiaXindao Yin
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Nutrition·Gregory D M Potter, Thomas R Wood
Sep 2, 2020·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·Chi-Ho LeeKaren S L Lam
Apr 24, 2018·Mediators of Inflammation·Kelly N Z FullerJacob M Haus
Jul 20, 2018·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Geert Jan Biessels, Florin Despa
Jun 11, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Romina María Uranga, Jeffrey Neil Keller
Apr 30, 2020·Diabetes & Metabolism Journal·Seung Jin Han
Aug 28, 2020·BMC Endocrine Disorders·Lei ZhaoPiu Chan
Jul 14, 2018·Diabetologia·Ithamar Ganmore, Michal Schnaider Beeri
Oct 29, 2018·Alzheimer's Research & Therapy·Seung-Hwan LeeMee Kyoung Kim
Nov 7, 2019·Diabetes & Metabolism Journal·Nirmal Verma, Florin Despa
Oct 13, 2020·International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy·Jianbo WuJie Shen
Oct 14, 2019·Life Sciences·Yury Yu BorshchevMichael M Galagudza
Oct 12, 2020·Diabetes & Metabolism·Hye Soo ChungKyung Mook Choi
Feb 7, 2021·Diabetes Therapy : Research, Treatment and Education of Diabetes and Related Disorders·Xingyao TangRafael Simó
Dec 30, 2020·Nutrients·Charles WattJanice Jin Hwang
Nov 4, 2020·Nutrients·Yoshiaki TamuraAtsushi Araki
Mar 2, 2021·Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience·Jose A Santiago, Judith A Potashkin
Apr 20, 2021·Frontiers in Genetics·Lijuan LinFeng Chen
Aug 16, 2018·Molecular Pharmaceutics·Huan LiJunqing Yang
Aug 1, 2021·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Fu-Rong LiXian-Bo Wu
Oct 13, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Investigation·Liyin ZhangLin Yang
Aug 28, 2020·Diabetes Spectrum : a Publication of the American Diabetes Association·Alan J Sinclair, Ahmed H Abdelhafiz
Dec 28, 2021·Nutrition Reviews·Ji Yeon ChungJuhyun Song