Glucose plus insulin regulate fat oxidation by controlling the rate of fatty acid entry into the mitochondria

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
L S SidossisR R Wolfe

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that glucose plus insulin determine the rate of fat oxidation in humans by controlling the rate of fatty acid entrance into the mitochondria. We gave constant infusions of [1-13C]oleate, a long-chain fatty acid, and [1-14C]octanoate, a medium-chain fatty acid, for 3 h in seven volunteers (basal). Immediately after the basal period, a hyperinsulinemic (insulin infusion = 120 mU x m(-2) min(-1)), hyperglycemic (plasma glucose = 140 mg/dl) clamp was started and continued for 5 h. During the last 3 h of the clamp, the infusions of [1-13C]oleate and [1-14C]octanoate were repeated. Intracellular acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in muscle biopsies obtained before and after the clamp. Plasma oleate enrichment and FFA concentration were kept constant by means of variable infusions of lipids and heparin. Oleate, but not octanoate, requires carnitine binding to gain access to the mitochondrial matrix; hence, if glucose and/or insulin limit long-chain fatty acid entrance into the mitochondria, then, during the clamp, long-chain acylcarnitine formation should be decreased, causing a decrease in oleate, but not octanoate, oxidation. Oleate oxidation decreased from the basal value of 0.7+/-0.1 to 0.4+/-0.1 m...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1977·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·J D McGarryD W Foster
May 1, 1989·Diabetes/metabolism Reviews·J D McGarryD W Foster
Apr 1, 1988·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·B M WolfeR R Wolfe
May 1, 1987·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·S BevilacquaE Ferrannini
Nov 1, 1983·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·E FerranniniR A DeFronzo
Jan 1, 1995·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·L S SidossisR R Wolfe
Aug 4, 1994·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·G D LopaschukB O Schönekess
Jun 1, 1994·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·G BodenL Rossetti

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 5, 2003·The American Journal of Medicine·Eric Jéquier, George A Bray
Sep 12, 2003·Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology·Thomas PulinilkunnilBrian Rodrigues
Aug 1, 1997·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·E Jéquir, L Tappy
Jan 30, 2002·Progress in Lipid Research·Simon Eaton
Dec 29, 2000·Journal of Hepatology·J O ClemmesenP Ott
Mar 9, 2007·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Mary F F ChongKeith N Frayn
Mar 1, 2008·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Zaher NahléNada A Abumrad
Aug 12, 2003·The British Journal of Nutrition·Christina Koutsari, Labros S Sidossis
Aug 17, 2006·Nutritional Neuroscience·Sam J Bhathena
Mar 29, 2008·Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders·Eric C WestmanJeff S Volek
Nov 1, 2005·Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology = Revue Canadienne De Physiologie Appliquée·Patrick BennardEric Doucet
Aug 17, 1999·Annual Review of Nutrition·B B Rasmussen, R R Wolfe
Jun 11, 2002·Annual Review of Nutrition·David E KelleyLen Storlien
Jul 21, 2011·Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism·Minoo BassamiDominic Doran
Feb 10, 2011·Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism·Sergio Muntoni, Sandro Muntoni
Jan 31, 1998·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·N BarzilaiL Rossetti
Jul 12, 2005·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·David E Kelley
Oct 12, 2010·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Eric E NoreenLindsay K Averill
Apr 7, 2010·Journal of Lipid Research·N P HessvikG H Thoresen
Jan 26, 2012·PLoS Genetics·Xiaojun XuAurelio A Teleman
Feb 19, 2008·Sports Medicine·Julien AucouturierPascale Duché
Apr 24, 2008·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·Gethin Williams, Gerald M Kolodny
Sep 20, 2008·Physical Therapy·Lorraine P Turcotte, Jonathan S Fisher
Feb 12, 2013·Journal of Gastroenterology·Yuki Kawano, David E Cohen
Dec 1, 2013·Intensive Care Medicine Experimental·Lu KeClive N May
May 20, 2014·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Fatiha Nassir, Jamal A Ibdah
Dec 29, 2010·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Michael Gaster
Dec 23, 2009·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Michael Gaster
Oct 28, 2008·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Michael Gaster
Dec 8, 2007·Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD·S PiroA M Rabuazzo
Oct 20, 2009·Experimental Physiology·Frank W Booth, Joseph M Company
Sep 17, 2013·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·M A GoodingA K Shoveller
May 18, 2006·Nutrition·Christopher Dean SwagellDebra Claire Henly
May 10, 2011·Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids·G H ThoresenA C Rustan
May 8, 2015·Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism·Paul J ArcieroEmery Ward

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme
Kent Sahlin
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
Jorgen F P WojtaszewskiErik A Richter
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Francis B StephensPaul L Greenhaff
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved