Glutaminase Increases in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons after Unilateral Adjuvant-Induced Hind Paw Inflammation

Biomolecules
E Matthew HoffmanKenneth E Miller

Abstract

Glutamate is a neurotransmitter used at both the peripheral and central terminals of nociceptive primary sensory neurons, yet little is known concerning regulation of glutamate metabolism during peripheral inflammation. Glutaminase (GLS) is an enzyme of the glutamate-glutamine cycle that converts glutamine into glutamate for neurotransmission and is implicated in producing elevated levels of glutamate in central and peripheral terminals. A potential mechanism for increased levels of glutamate is an elevation in GLS expression. We assessed GLS expression after unilateral hind paw inflammation by measuring GLS immunoreactivity (ir) with quantitative image analysis of L4 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons after one, two, four, and eight days of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) compared to saline injected controls. No significant elevation in GLS-ir occurred in the DRG ipsilateral to the inflamed hind paw after one or two days of AIA. After four days AIA, GLS-ir was elevated significantly in all sizes of DRG neurons. After eight days AIA, GLS-ir remained elevated in small (<400 µm²), presumably nociceptive neurons. Western blot analysis of the L4 DRG at day four AIA confirmed the elevated GLS-ir. The present study indicates that GL...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1990·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·S De Biasi, A Rustioni
Aug 30, 1994·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H LiuA I Basbaum
Jan 1, 1993·Virchows Archiv. B, Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology·K NordlindT Hökfelt
Sep 25, 1995·European Journal of Pharmacology·D L JacksonK M Hargreaves
Apr 18, 1997·European Journal of Pharmacology·N B LawandK N Westlund
Jun 17, 1998·Brain Research·S M CarltonR E Coggeshall
Feb 19, 1999·Brain Research·S M Carlton, R E Coggeshall
Feb 20, 1999·Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie·H Sann, F K Pierau
Mar 17, 2000·Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research·T HolcombN P Curthoys
Jun 10, 2000·Science·C J Woolf, M W Salter
Nov 20, 2001·Current Opinion in Pharmacology·S M Carlton
Dec 18, 2001·Journal of Neuroscience Research·E KvammeB Roberg
May 21, 2003·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Sonita R Chada, Peter J Hollenbeck
Jul 23, 2004·Current Biology : CB·Sonita R Chada, Peter J Hollenbeck
Nov 24, 2004·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·Christophe Altier, Gerald W Zamponi
Jan 27, 2005·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·Judy L MorrisIan L Gibbins

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
GraphPad
ImageTool
GraphPad Prism

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.