PMID: 2119461Jul 1, 1990Paper

Glutamine nutrition and requirements

JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
R J Smith, D W Wilmore

Abstract

Glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in plasma and tissue pools and an important intermediate in a number of metabolic pathways. Glutamine levels decline markedly in the course of many different catabolic disease states and it has recently been suggested that glutamine may be a conditionally essential dietary nutrient rather than a nonessential amino acid. Changes in tissue glutamine concentrations have been shown to correlate with net protein turnover, and there is evidence that glutamine may both stimulate protein synthesis and inhibit protein degradation. In experimental animals, we have shown that the fall in glutamine concentrations in plasma and tissue pools that occurs in the postoperative state can be prevented or reversed by providing large quantities of exogenous glutamine. In gastrointestinal tissues, the provision of glutamine-free total parenteral nutrition solutions is associated with atrophy of mucosal cells and pancreatic exocrine cells. Glutamine-supplemented parenteral formulas result in diminished atrophy of intestinal mucosal and pancreatic exocrine cells; both intravenous and enteral glutamine promote gastrointestinal tissue regeneration following toxic injury. In animals undergoing partial small ...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1978·Journal of Cellular Physiology·H R ZielkeM Cornblath
Oct 1, 1976·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J KatzP A Wals
Jul 1, 1990·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·W S HeltonD W Wilmore
Nov 1, 1989·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·S T O'DwyerD W Wilmore
Jul 1, 1988·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·A D FoxJ L Rombeau
Sep 1, 1985·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·W W SoubaD W Wilmore
Oct 1, 1985·Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology : an International Journal of the Physiological Society·E A NewsholmeM S Ardawi
May 1, 1985·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·W W SoubaD W Wilmore
Sep 1, 1985·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·C R KapadiaD W Wilmore
Jun 1, 1974·Journal of Applied Physiology·J BergströmE Vinnars
Apr 1, 1971·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·E B MarlissG F Cahill
Jul 1, 1982·Cell Biology International Reports·W L McKeehan
May 1, 1954·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·D R KOMINZK LAKI
Jan 1, 1956·Physiological Reviews·A MEISTER
May 1, 1964·The American Journal of Medicine·R F PITTS
Mar 1, 1982·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·E RothA Fritsch

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 1, 1994·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·T P Stein
Sep 27, 2003·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·R G Clark
Jan 23, 1998·Nutrition·D H Teitelbaum, A G Coran
May 16, 1998·Nutrition·P R RobertsG P Zaloga
Dec 20, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Junqiang TianThomas R Ziegler
Jun 1, 2004·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Naoto Hashimoto, Hiroshi Hara
Feb 1, 1993·European Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry : Journal of the Forum of European Clinical Chemistry Societies·J HirschbergerU G Sauer
Dec 25, 2013·Clinical Colorectal Cancer·Ahmed Hussein ZedanOle Jakob Vilholm
Apr 4, 2007·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·R C HarrisA M Wilson
Jul 7, 2011·Animal Science Journal = Nihon Chikusan Gakkaihō·Masahito TanakaYutaka Nakai
Jun 1, 1995·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·S A JebbM Elia
Jan 1, 1991·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·P Fürst
May 11, 1992·The Journal of Surgical Research·W J FlynnR N Garrison
Aug 1, 1992·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·M S Ardawi
Mar 3, 2006·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Rolf Schulte-HermannFrank M Sullivan
Mar 9, 2006·Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology·Naji KhayathColette Dissous
Dec 8, 1998·Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice·M A Hickman
Jul 7, 2005·Clinical Oncology : a Journal of the Royal College of Radiologists·M D StubblefieldC L Gooch
Apr 29, 2015·Stem Cells·Joshua K SalabeiBradford G Hill
Apr 25, 2000·The Journal of Hospital Infection·A O Qamruddin, P R Chadwick
Mar 14, 2002·Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing·Georgia M Decker
Nov 24, 1998·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·F DumasO Goulet
Aug 19, 2007·Seminars in Oncology Nursing·William P Hogle
Oct 20, 2007·JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Maaike W SchaartJohannes B van Goudoever
Jan 1, 1992·Nutrition Research Reviews·K LundholmR Sandström
May 16, 2006·Arquivos De Gastroenterologia·Ariney Costa de MirandaKiyoshi Irya
Aug 1, 1995·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·C J Green
Feb 1, 1992·Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·R J Smith

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Adult Stem Cells

Adult stem cells reside in unique niches that provide vital cues for their survival, self-renewal, and differentiation. They hold great promise for use in tissue repair and regeneration as a novel therapeutic strategies. Here is the latest research.