Glutaredoxin 2 (GRX2) deficiency exacerbates high fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in brain injury: A mechanism involving GSK-3β

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie
Zhao Wohua, Xu Weiming

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) appears to be a significant risk factor for brain injury. Glutaredoxin 2 (GRX2) belongs to the oxidoreductase family and plays an essential role in regulating various cellular processes. However, the pathogenic role of GRX2 in high fat diet (HFD)-induced brain injury is poorly understood. In the study, the loss-of-function approach was used to explore the effects of GRX2 on brain injury in HFD-challenged mice. The results indicated that HFD treatment resulted in significant increases in the change of body weight, insulin resistance and serum lipid deposition, which were markedly exaggerated by the loss of GRX2. Moreover, HFD-caused cognitive dysfunction was further promoted in GRX2 knockout mice. Histological analysis suggested that HFD administration led to the hippocampus damage, which was potentiated by GRX2 deficiency. In addition, GRX deletion enhanced HFD-induced inflammatory response in hippocampus of mice. Furthermore, GRX2 knockout markedly enhanced HFD-triggered insulin resistance in hippocampus of mice through down-regulating the protein levels of p-insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) (Y632) and p-AKT (S473). The phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) suppressed by HFD administr...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 2019·Antioxidants·Solomon Habtemariam
Sep 20, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Mannix BurnsMarkus M Bachschmid
Oct 9, 2020·Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine·Soyoung Park, So-Young Park
Jul 19, 2021·Basic Research in Cardiology·Ioanna AndreadouRainer Schulz

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and swelling. Discover the latest research on anti-inflammatory treatments here

Brain Injury & Trauma

brain injury after impact to the head is due to both immediate mechanical effects and delayed responses of neural tissues.