Glycoprotein-Specific Antibodies Produced by DNA Vaccination Protect Guinea Pigs from Lethal Argentine and Venezuelan Hemorrhagic Fever

Journal of Virology
Joseph W GoldenJay W Hooper

Abstract

Several members of the Arenaviridae can cause acute febrile diseases in humans, often resulting in lethality. The use of convalescent-phase human plasma is an effective treatment in humans infected with arenaviruses, particularly species found in South America. Despite this, little work has focused on developing potent and defined immunotherapeutics against arenaviruses. In the present study, we produced arenavirus neutralizing antibodies by DNA vaccination of rabbits with plasmids encoding the full-length glycoprotein precursors of Junín virus (JUNV), Machupo virus (MACV), and Guanarito virus (GTOV). Geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers, as measured by the 50% plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT(50)), exceeded 5,000 against homologous viruses. Antisera against each targeted virus exhibited limited cross-species binding and, to a lesser extent, cross-neutralization. Anti-JUNV glycoprotein rabbit antiserum protected Hartley guinea pigs from lethal intraperitoneal infection with JUNV strain Romero when the antiserum was administered 2 days after challenge and provided some protection (∼30%) when administered 4 days after challenge. Treatment starting on day 6 did not protect animals. We further formulated an IgG ant...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 23, 2016·Current Opinion in Virology·Max CrispinThomas A Bowden
Mar 23, 2017·Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical·Joel Henrique Ellwanger, José Artur Bogo Chies
Feb 22, 2021·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Maria G FrankUNKNOWN members of the Medical Countermeasures Working Group of the National Emerging Special Pathogens Training and Education Cente
Aug 11, 2021·NPJ Vaccines·Teresa E SorvilloThomas W Geisbert

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Antifungals (ASM)

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.