Glycosaminoglycans in nerve injury: II. Effects on transganglionic degeneration and on the expression of neurotrophic factors

Journal of Neuroscience Research
A GorioA M Di Giulio

Abstract

Injury to the sciatic nerve leads to the transganglionic degeneration of sensory axons and to the induction of neurotrophins and p75 nerve growth factor receptor synthesis by the denervated Schwann cells. Sciatic nerve axotomy caused a marked loss of substance P and of met-enkephalin in the lumbar cord. Substance P immunostaining and pre-proenkephalin mRNA expression were reduced in the dorsal horn layers I and II ipsilaterally to the lesion. Treating rats with low doses (0.25 mg/kg) of heparin or COS 8, a natural glycosaminoglycan mixture with low anticoagulant activity, the peptide loss was prevented and the content increased of about 50% above control values. The effects of COS 8 treatment were also evident on Schwann cells. COS 8 augmented the increase of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and NT-3 mRNA expression in the distal stump of the axotomized sciatic nerve. Therefore, it can be concluded that glycosaminoglycans neuroprotective effects on lesioned sensory axons might have been mediated by the dramatic promotion of neurotrophin synthesis. Although the in vitro studies (Lesma et al.: J Neurosci Res, 1996) suggested also a likely direct effect as extracellular matrix components that is not mediated...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1978·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F Collins
Dec 1, 1992·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·B TenconiA Gorio
Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis·R P Hawkins
Apr 30, 1991·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·J TsutsuiT Muramatsu
Jan 1, 1989·Journal of Neuroscience Research·A M Di GiulioA Gorio
Jul 1, 1968·Physiological Reviews·R Levi-Montalcini, P U Angeletti
Apr 1, 1980·The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society·V Seybold, R Elde
Dec 1, 1983·The Journal of Cell Biology·M ManthorpeS Varon
May 6, 1996·European Journal of Pharmacology·A GorioA M Di Giulio

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 1, 1997·The European Journal of Neuroscience·A GorioA M Di Giulio
May 19, 2000·International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience·A M Di GiulioA Gorio
Apr 6, 2012·Nanomedicine·Nádia Pereira GonçalvesMaria João Saraiva
Jan 27, 2007·Experimental Neurology·Michael A Pizzi, Maria J Crowe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Adhesion Molecules in Health and Disease

Cell adhesion molecules are a subset of cell adhesion proteins located on the cell surface involved in binding with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in the process called cell adhesion. In essence, cell adhesion molecules help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Cell adhesion is a crucial component in maintaining tissue structure and function. Discover the latest research on adhesion molecule and their role in health and disease here.