Glycosphingolipids and oxidative stress: evaluation of hydroxyl radical oxidation of galactosyl and lactosylceramides using mass spectrometry
Abstract
Galactosylceramide (GalCer) and lactosylceramide (LacCer) are structural and signaling lipids, playing important roles in signal transduction and cell adhesion. They are especially abundant in the nervous system and in important components of the myelin sheath. Although neurodegenerative disorders are associated with increased oxidative stress and lipid oxidation, the connection between oxidative stress and glycosphingolipid modification has been scarcely addressed. In this study, we aimed to characterize the structural changes caused by the hydroxyl radical to GalCer and LacCer molecular species using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS and MS/MS) and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS(n)). ESI-MS and LC-MS spectra of 24:1GalCer and 24:1LacCer after free radical oxidation showed the formation of new species, which were identified as keto, hydroxyl and hydroperoxy derivatives, arising from modification in the mono unsaturated fatty acyl chain. Formation of ceramide and oxidized ceramides was also observed as a result of 24:1GalCer and 24:1LacCer radical oxidation. 24:1GlcCer (glucosylceramide) was detected after LacCer oxidation, probably due to oxidative cleavage of lactosyl ...Continue Reading
References
Structural characterization of oxidized glycerophosphatidylserine: evidence of polar head oxidation.
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