Graphene Oxide as a Nanocarrier for a Theranostics Delivery System of Protocatechuic Acid and Gadolinium/Gold Nanoparticles

Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
Muhammad Sani UsmanFathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad

Abstract

We have synthesized a graphene oxide (GO)-based theranostic nanodelivery system (GOTS) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using naturally occurring protocatechuic acid (PA) as an anticancer agent and gadolinium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Gd) as the starting material for a contrast agent,. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were subsequently used as second diagnostic agent. The GO nanosheets were first prepared from graphite via the improved Hummer's protocol. The conjugation of the GO and the PA was done via hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions, followed by surface adsorption of the AuNPs through electrostatic interactions. GAGPA is the name given to the nanocomposite obtained from Gd and PA conjugation. However, after coating with AuNPs, the name was modified to GAGPAu. The physicochemical properties of the GAGPA and GAGPAu nanohybrids were studied using various characterization techniques. The results from the analyses confirmed the formation of the GOTS. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) results showed the diffractive patterns for pure GO nanolayers, which changed after subsequent conjugation of the Gd and PA. The AuNPs patterns were also recorded after surface adsorption. Cytotoxicity and magnetic resonance imaging (M...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 8, 2021·Frontiers in Chemistry·Neelam ThakurParames C Sil
Jul 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Luiz Gustavo de Almeida ChuffaRussel J Reiter
Aug 2, 2020·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Jiao SongDingkun Zhang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging techniques
X-ray
Infrared Spectroscopy
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

Syngovia MRI

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